Month: January 2017

To install the remaining CLI software, download the installation script install-additional-cli-software.sh, open your terminal, and execute it: bash install-cli-software.sh.

1. ESSENTIAL COMMANDS

• Navigation: pwd, ls, cd folder (folders are case sensitive!), cd ...
• File manipulation: cat, cp, ln, mkdir, mv, rm, rmdir, touch.
• Help: man terminal_command .
• Permissions: chgrp, chmod, chown, su, sudo.
• Search: find.
• Text editors: ed, nano, vi, vim.
• Text file visualization: head, less, more, tail.
• Install a package: sudo apt-get install package.
• Uninstall a package: sudo apt-get purge package.
• Remove packages that are no longer needed: sudo apt-get autoremove.

2. BASH SHORTCUTS

• Autocomplete files, folders, commands, packages, etc.: Tab.
• List all available files, folders, commands, packages, etc.: Tab + Tab.
• Go to previous command: ↑, or Ctrl + P.
• Go to next command: ↓, or Ctrl + N.
• Search through previously used commands: Ctrl + R.
• Interrupt whatever you are running: Ctrl + C.

2. BASIC COMMANDS

• Compare files line by line: colordiff, diff, vimdiff, wdiff.
• List files in databases that match a pattern: locate, sudo updatedb.
• Network interface: ifconfig.
• Report disk space usage: df -H, du -hs folder.
• OpenSSH SSH client with X11 forwarding: ssh user@server -X.
• Print lines matching a pattern from a text file: grep.
• Print newline, word, and byte counts for each file: wc.
• Secure copy (remote file copy program): scp.
• Show current processes: htop, ps, top.

3. SCREEN COMMANDS

• Create a screen session: screen.
• Detach from the current screen session: Ctrl + A then D.
• List the screen session identification strings: screen -ls.
• Reattach to a screen session: screen -r session_id_string.
• Terminate the current screen session: exit, or Ctrl + A then :quit.
• Scroll up/down during session: Ctrl + A then Esc then ↑/↓/PgUp/PgDn.

4. OTHER COMMANDS

• Extract an ISO file: 7z x filename.iso.
• Report faked system time to programs: faketime.
• Retrieves files from the web: wget.
• Print shared library dependencies: ldd executable_filename.
• Make symbolic links: ln -s input_filename output_link_name.
• List block devices: lsblk.
• Format USB stick as VFAT: sudo mkfs.vfat -I /dev/sdx -n NAME && sync.
• Restore disk from image: sudo dd bs=1M if=im.iso of=/dev/sdx && sync.

5. FFMPEG COMMANDS

• Convert image to 5 sec. video: ffmpeg -loop 1 -i 01.png -t 5 out.mp4.
• 15 images to 30 Hz 5 sec. video: ffmpeg -r 3 -i %03d.png -r 30 out.mp4.
• Resize video to 720p: ffmpeg -i input.webm -s 1280x720 output.webm.
• Fade in the first 25 frames and fade out the last 25 frames of a 1000-frame video: ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -vf "fade=in:0:25, fade=out:975:25" out.mp4.
• Concatenate videos: ffmpeg -f concat -i mylist.txt -c copy out.mp4.

6. SVN COMMANDS

• Create new repository: svnadmin create repository_name.
• Checkout: svn co svn+ssh://user@server/path/to/repository.
• Update working copy: svn update.
• Get status of current copy: svn status.
• Add all items recursively: svn add *.
• Add an item (if folder, adds recursively): svn add item_name.
• Delete an item (if folder, deletes recursively): svn delete item_name.
• Commit with log message: svn commit -m 'message'.

7. FIND EXAMPLES

• Run files recursively in current dir.: find . -type f -exec file '{}' \;.
• Delete all .svn folders: find . -iname .svn -prune -exec rm -r '{}' \;.
• Copy all png files to png: find ./ -name *.png -exec cp '{}' ./png \;.

8. PDFTK EXAMPLES

• Join all PDF files into a new PDF file: pdftk *.pdf cat output out.pdf.
• Join 3 PDF files: pdftk in1.pdf in2.pdf in3.pdf cat output out.pdf.
• Extract pages from a PDF: pdftk in.pdf cat 1 25-35 end output out.pdf.

http://milq.github.io/useful-terminal-commands-ubuntu-debian

Manuel Ignacio López Quintero